CVE-2026-55588
MediumCVSS 6.5Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk23th percentile - higher than 23% of all known CVEs
Summary
ORAS CLI up to version 1.3.2 has a vulnerability to uncontrolled recursion during referrer traversal when a malicious OCI registry returns a cyclic referrer graph. This causes unbounded memory growth and process hang, which can be exploited for a client-side denial of service.
Risk Assessment
An attacker can exhaust CPU and memory resources, hanging automation or CI/CD pipelines that run ORAS against untrusted registry metadata.
Recommendation
Update ORAS CLI to version 1.3.3 or later, which includes the fix.
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Original NVD description (English source)
ORAS (OCI Registry As Storage) is a CLI and library for managing artifacts in OCI registries. In ORAS CLI versions up to and including 1.3.2, the recursive referrer traversal does not track visited descriptors, so a malicious OCI registry that returns a cyclic referrer graph causes unbounded recursion and memory growth. This affects oras discover, whose recursive traversal is enabled by default because the --depth option defaults to 0 (unlimited), as well as the recursive referrer counting used by the oras backup and oras restore workflows. A cyclic graph can be as simple as A referring to B and B referring back to A. A malicious registry can use this to cause a client-side denial of service, exhausting CPU and memory and hanging automation or CI/CD pipelines that run ORAS against untrusted registry metadata. The vulnerability does not extend to code execution, artifact substitution, or integrity bypass. This issue has been fixed in version 1.3.3.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS

