CVE-2026-98230
HighCVSS 7.0Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk2th percentile - higher than 2% of all known CVEs
Summary
In the Linux kernel xfrm subsystem, the state_cache and state_cache_input lists still use hlist_del_rcu() instead of hlist_del_init_rcu(), leaving pprev = LIST_POISON2 (non-NULL) after deletion. A second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object performs a write through LIST_POISON2, causing a write use-after-free and, in turn, a read use-after-free during a subsequent list traversal.
Risk Assessment
This can cause kernel memory corruption and potentially privilege escalation or system crash when an xfrm state is deleted multiple times.
Recommendation
Update the Linux kernel to a version containing the fix that switches state_cache and state_cache_input to hlist_del_init_rcu().
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Original NVD description (English source)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: use hlist_del_init_rcu for state_cache and state_cache_input Commit 14acf9652e56 ("xfrm: defensively unhash xfrm_state lists in __xfrm_state_delete") converted bydst/bysrc/byseq/byspi from hlist_del_rcu() to hlist_del_init_rcu() so that a second __xfrm_state_delete() on the same object becomes a no-op rather than a write through LIST_POISON pprev. It missed state_cache and state_cache_input, which kept hlist_del_rcu(): - hlist_del_rcu() leaves pprev = LIST_POISON2 (non-NULL), so hlist_unhashed() returns false. - hlist_del_init_rcu() leaves pprev = NULL, so hlist_unhashed() returns true. A second __xfrm_state_delete() therefore enters __hlist_del() on the already-deleted state_cache/state_cache_input nodes and does WRITE_ONCE(*pprev, next) through LIST_POISON2 — a write use-after-free once the slab is reused. The corruption can in turn cause a subsequent hlist_for_each_entry_rcu traversal to follow a dangling next pointer, producing the read use-after-free reported in xfrm_input_state_lookup(). Switch state_cache and state_cache_input to hlist_del_init_rcu() to match the other four lists, closing the write use-after-free and, with it, the read use-after-free it spawns.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS

