CVE-2025-13166
LowCVSS 3.7Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk11th percentile - higher than 11% of all known CVEs
Summary
The SMS OTP flow fails to adequately handle error messages, allowing an attacker to infer the existence of registered user accounts based on the responses received during the OTP initiation process.
Risk Assessment
An attacker can discover valid usernames, facilitating brute force attacks, social engineering, and information leakage, leading to reputational damage and regulatory non-compliance.
Recommendation
Fix error handling in the OTP flow to return uniform responses regardless of account existence, and consider additional protections against user enumeration.
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Original NVD description (English source)
The SMS OTP flow fails to adequately handle error messages, allowing an attacker to infer the existence of registered user accounts based on the responses received during the OTP initiation process. This weakness can be exploited by an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system. The impact is amplified for accounts that have not configured a mobile number, as the enumeration is specifically tied to this condition. The discovery of these usernames can facilitate subsequent brute force attacks, social engineering attempts, and information leakage, potentially leading to reputational damage, loss of customer trust, and regulatory non-compliance.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS