CVE-2024-45409
CriticalCVSS 10.0Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Very high risk96th percentile - higher than 96% of all known CVEs
Summary
The Ruby SAML library (ruby-saml) in versions <= 12.2 and 1.13.0 through 1.16.0 does not properly verify the signature of the SAML Response. An unauthenticated attacker with access to any signed SAML document (from the IdP) can forge a SAML Response/Assertion with arbitrary contents and log in as any user.
Risk Assessment
Potential takeover of any user account in systems using the vulnerable library, including administrative accounts, which may lead to full system compromise.
Recommendation
Update ruby-saml to version 1.17.0 or 1.12.3 (or later) and review SAML authentication logs for suspicious activity.
Other vulnerabilities in Ruby SAML
See all- CVE-2016-5697High
Ruby-saml before version 1.3.0 allows attackers to perform XML signature wrapping attacks via unspecified vectors.
- CVE-2025-66568Critical
The ruby-saml library implements the client side of a SAML authorization. Versions up to and including 1.12.4 are vulnerable to authentication bypass through the libxml2 canonicalization process used by Nokogiri for document transformation, which allows an attacker to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. When libxml2's canonicalization is invoked on an invalid XML input, it may return an empty string rather than a canonicalized node. ruby-saml then proceeds to compute the DigestValue over this empty string, treating it as if canonicalization succeeded. This issue is fixed in version 1.18.0.
- CVE-2025-66567Critical
The ruby-saml library up to version 1.12.4 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2025-25292. Differences in XML parsing between ReXML and Nokogiri allow an attacker to perform a Signature Wrapping attack. The issue is fixed in version 1.18.0.
Original NVD description (English source)
The Ruby SAML library is for implementing the client side of a SAML authorization. Ruby-SAML in <= 12.2 and 1.13.0 <= 1.16.0 does not properly verify the signature of the SAML Response. An unauthenticated attacker with access to any signed saml document (by the IdP) can thus forge a SAML Response/Assertion with arbitrary contents. This would allow the attacker to log in as arbitrary user within the vulnerable system. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.17.0 and 1.12.3.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS