CVE-2026-89648
HighCVSS 7.5Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk50th percentile - higher than 50% of all known CVEs
Summary
A vulnerability was fixed in the Linux kernel in the ceph_parse_deleg_inos() function of the Ceph client. A malicious or compromised MDS server could send a reply with a huge or repeated number of delegated inode numbers, causing unbounded loops and excessive growth of the xarray in the client session. Limits were introduced on the number of delegated inodes per session and on the aggregate interval length accepted from a single reply.
Risk Assessment
An attacker or compromised MDS server could cause CPU and memory exhaustion on the Ceph client, leading to a denial of service (DoS) on systems with a mounted Ceph filesystem.
Recommendation
Update the Linux kernel to a version containing the fix for CVE-2026-89648. Until patched, limit trust in MDS servers within the Ceph cluster and monitor for unusual CPU and memory usage by Ceph clients.
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Original NVD description (English source)
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ceph: cap delegated inode count in ceph_parse_deleg_inos() ceph_parse_deleg_inos() decodes interval sets of delegated inode numbers from an MDS create-with-delegation reply. For each set it reads a 64-bit start and a 64-bit len with ceph_decode_64_safe(), which only validates that the eight bytes are present in the message, not the value, and then loops over len while inserting entries into s_delegated_inos. len is fully attacker controlled. A malicious or compromised MDS can send one huge interval, many intervals in one reply, duplicate intervals, or repeated replies that accumulate delegated inodes on the same session. The original code bounded none of these and could spin the insert loop or grow the xarray without limit. Bound both dimensions with a single enforcement point. Track the number of delegated inodes held by each MDS session in an atomic counter and grow it only in ceph_insert_deleg_ino(), which uses atomic_add_unless() to refuse to push the count past CEPH_MAX_DELEG_INOS. Because that helper is the only place the counter grows, the per-session population can never exceed the cap, so no separate per-session pre-check is needed. The counter is decremented when async create consumes a delegated inode or when an insert fails, incremented when a delegated inode is restored, initialized with the session xarray, and reset when reconnect destroys the xarray. A per-session cap alone still lets one reply spin the insert loop on duplicate ranges without growing the counter, so also cap the aggregate interval length accepted from a single reply. Together these bound both the loop trip count per reply and the xarray population across replies. The cap is a fixed, client-chosen constant rather than a value derived from the MDS. mds_client_prealloc_inos is a userspace MDS configuration option; it is never sent to the kernel client on the wire, and a server-supplied bound could not be trusted for a defensive limit in any case. The constant is set well above that option's documented default of 1000 (a generous multiple), so legitimate refill behavior is unaffected while the CPU and xarray memory a malformed delegation stream can consume stays bounded. Impact: a malicious or compromised Ceph MDS can no longer make a client spin through an unbounded delegated-inode interval or grow one session's delegated-inode xarray without limit.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS