CVE-2026-77684
MediumCVSS 5.7Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk22th percentile - higher than 22% of all known CVEs
Summary
A vulnerability in the Bluetooth Classic Hands-Free Profile HF role (hfp_hf.c) causes AT command buffers still queued on hf->tx_pending to be leaked when the RFCOMM DLC goes down, permanently draining the fixed hf_pool. Additionally, hfp_hf_disconnected() leaves BT_HFP_HF_FLAG_CONNECTED set, and hfp_hf_create() may memset() the object while work items are still pending or running, corrupting shared kernel workqueue state. A remote Audio Gateway peer can exhaust the buffer pool and stall the Bluetooth RX thread.
Risk Assessment
Once the buffer pool is exhausted, HFP command sending fails permanently, and a further +BCS from the peer parks the Bluetooth RX thread inside net_buf_alloc() with no possible waker, halting all HCI event processing until reboot. Reuse of the HF slot while work handlers are active can also corrupt shared kernel workqueue state.
Recommendation
Update to a version containing the fix for CVE-2026-77684 that releases buffers from hf->tx_pending, clears the CONNECTED flag, and checks work item state before memset(). If updating is not possible, consider disabling CONFIG_BT_HFP_HF or restricting trusted HFP devices.
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Original NVD description (English source)
The Bluetooth Classic Hands-Free Profile HF role in subsys/bluetooth/host/classic/hfp_hf.c does not release the AT command buffers that are still queued on hf->tx_pending when the RFCOMM DLC goes down. hfp_hf_disconnected() only cancelled the work items and cleared hf->acl, and no other code path ever dequeues those buffers, so each one is permanently lost from the fixed hf_pool (CONFIG_BT_MAX_CONN + 1 buffers, i.e. two in the default configuration). The same function also left BT_HFP_HF_FLAG_CONNECTED set, and hfp_hf_create() wiped the object with memset() as soon as hf->acl was NULL, without checking whether hf->work, hf->slc_work or hf->deferred_work was still pending or running. The remote Audio Gateway peer controls the trigger end to end and needs no application involvement: an unsolicited +BCS: 1 response makes bcs_handle() call bt_hfp_hf_select_codec() and queue an AT+BCS buffer, which cannot be transmitted while BT_HFP_HF_FLAG_RX_ONGOING is set, and an immediately following RFCOMM DISC strands that buffer. Repeating the connect / +BCS / disconnect cycle a couple of times empties hf_pool for good. With the pool exhausted, HFP command sending fails permanently, and because hfp_hf_send_cmd() allocates with K_FOREVER (bt_rfcomm_create_pdu() → bt_conn_create_pdu()) from the Bluetooth RX context — where that timeout is not downgraded to K_NO_WAIT — one further +BCS from the peer parks the Bluetooth RX thread inside net_buf_alloc() with no possible waker, halting all HCI event processing until the device is rebooted. Separately, reusing the HF slot while a work handler was still queued or running allowed memset() to wipe live k_work items out from under the system workqueue, corrupting shared kernel workqueue state. Exploitation requires an established HFP session (for SSP devices L2CAP enforces authentication before the RFCOMM channel is reachable) and a build with CONFIG_BT_HFP_HF enabled.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS