CVE-2026-13089
HighCVSS 7.5Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk30th percentile - higher than 30% of all known CVEs
Summary
The OIDC::Lite Perl library up to version 0.12.1 allows ID Token signature verification bypass via a token-controlled algorithm allowlist. When the caller does not pin an algorithm, verify sets the algorithm from the token header and passes it to decode_jwt as the allowed list. A token with alg=none returns claims without signature check, and a token with alg=HS256 is verified with the RSA public key as HMAC secret (RS to HS confusion).
Risk Assessment
An attacker can forge an ID token and impersonate any user, leading to unauthorized access to systems using OpenID Connect.
Recommendation
Update OIDC::Lite to the latest version from the git repository and always explicitly specify the verification algorithm to prevent algorithm manipulation attacks.
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Original NVD description (English source)
OIDC::Lite versions through 0.12.1 for Perl allow ID Token signature verification bypass via a token-controlled algorithm allowlist in verify. When the caller does not pin an algorithm, OIDC::Lite::Model::IDToken::verify sets $self->alg($self->header->{alg}) from the token's own header and then calls decode_jwt(token, key, 1, [$self->alg]), handing JSON::WebToken an accepted-algorithm allowlist taken from the untrusted token. A token with alg=none yields ['none'], so decode_jwt returns the claims with no signature check, and a token with alg=HS256 is verified with the RP's RSA public key as the HMAC secret (RS to HS confusion). The ID Token is the OpenID Connect authentication assertion delivered to the Relying Party. Any caller that verifies an ID Token through the unpinned load(token)->verify path, or load(token, key) with only the key pinned, accepts a forged token carrying attacker-chosen claims such as sub and is authenticated as any user. Passing an explicit algorithm so $self->alg is already set bypasses the header-derived allowlist and is not affected. Note that the latest version uploaded to CPAN is 0.10. Later versions are available in the git repository.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS