CVE-2026-109231
MediumCVSS 4.3Exploitation Probability (EPSS)
Low risk31th percentile - higher than 31% of all known CVEs
Summary
The Germanized for WooCommerce plugin (up to and including 4.1.4) is vulnerable to Unauthorized Access of Private Data via Activation Token Reuse. The on_user_email_changed hook, responsible for rotating the activation token and recording a pending-email-change marker, is only registered inside the is_double_opt_in_login_enabled() branch when "Disable login for unactivated customers" is set to Yes, leaving the original ?activate= token valid and unbound to the email address when the setting is No. An authenticated attacker with subscriber-level access can change their account email to a victim's billing email and redeem the original activation token to reassign guest orders and expose the victim's billing data.
Risk Assessment
An attacker can gain access to a victim's billing data and order details, including name, address, phone number, and purchased items. However, this requires a non-default configuration (double opt-in with login disabling off) and public registration enabled.
Recommendation
Update the Germanized for WooCommerce plugin to a version later than 4.1.4. Additionally, consider enabling "Disable login for unactivated customers" or restricting public registration.
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Original NVD description (English source)
The Germanized for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthorized Access of Private Data via Activation Token Reuse in versions up to, and including, 4.1.4. This is due to the `on_user_email_changed` hook — which is responsible for rotating the activation token and recording a pending-email-change marker on an unactivated Customer account — only being registered inside the `is_double_opt_in_login_enabled()` branch when "Disable login for unactivated customers" is set to Yes, leaving the original `?activate=` token valid and entirely unbound to the email address it was issued for when that setting is No. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to change their account email to a victim's billing email via the standard `/my-account/edit-account/` form and then redeem their original activation token through `customer_account_activate()`, triggering `link_customer_past_orders()` to reassign any matching guest order to the attacker's account and exposing the original buyer's billing name, street address, phone number, and purchased items on the attacker's My Account order page. Exploitation requires the site to have double opt-in enabled with "Disable login for unactivated customers" explicitly set to No (a non-default configuration), public customer registration enabled, and the original activation token redeemed within its one-day expiry window.
Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS