CVE Catalog

CVE-2025-48734

HighCVSS 8.8
Published: Updated: Translated: NVD NIST

Exploitation Probability (EPSS)

High risk
2.02%

81th percentile - higher than 81% of all known CVEs

Summary

Improper Access Control vulnerability in Apache Commons BeanUtils. If an application passes property paths from an external source directly to PropertyUtilsBean.getProperty() or getNestedProperty(), an attacker can access the 'declaredClass' property of enum objects, gaining access to the ClassLoader and executing arbitrary code.

Risk Assessment

The vulnerability enables remote code execution (RCE) in the application context, potentially leading to full system compromise. Risk applies to applications processing untrusted input with vulnerable BeanUtils versions.

Recommendation

Upgrade Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x to version 1.11.0 or 2.x to version 2.0.0-M2. If upgrade is not possible, enable the BeanIntrospector that suppresses the 'declaredClass' property.

Other vulnerabilities in Apache Commons BeanUtils

See all
Original NVD description (English source)

Improper Access Control vulnerability in Apache Commons. A special BeanIntrospector class was added in version 1.9.2. This can be used to stop attackers from using the declared class property of Java enum objects to get access to the classloader. However this protection was not enabled by default. PropertyUtilsBean (and consequently BeanUtilsBean) now disallows declared class level property access by default. Releases 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 address a potential security issue when accessing enum properties in an uncontrolled way. If an application using Commons BeanUtils passes property paths from an external source directly to the getProperty() method of PropertyUtilsBean, an attacker can access the enum’s class loader via the “declaredClass” property available on all Java “enum” objects. Accessing the enum’s “declaredClass” allows remote attackers to access the ClassLoader and execute arbitrary code. The same issue exists with PropertyUtilsBean.getNestedProperty(). Starting in versions 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 a special BeanIntrospector suppresses the “declaredClass” property. Note that this new BeanIntrospector is enabled by default, but you can disable it to regain the old behavior; see section 2.5 of the user's guide and the unit tests. This issue affects Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x before 1.11.0, and 2.x before 2.0.0-M2.Users of the artifact commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils 1.x are recommended to upgrade to version 1.11.0, which fixes the issue. Users of the artifact org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2 2.x are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.0-M2, which fixes the issue.

Vulnerability data from NVD (NIST) · CISA KEV · EPSS